The working principle of lithium iron phosphate battery cells is based on the process of embedding and detaching lithium ions between the positive and negative electrodes. During charging, lithium ions are removed from the lithium iron phosphate in the positive electrode and embedded in the graphite in the negative electrode through the electrolyte, while electrons are transferred from the positive electrode to the negative electrode through an external circuit, allowing the battery to store electrical energy. The discharge process is the opposite, lithium ions from the negative electrode of graphite out, through the electrolyte back to the positive electrode of lithium iron phosphate, at the same time electrons through the external circuit from the negative electrode back to the positive electrode, to provide energy for the outside world.

Main features

1. High safety: The cathode material of lithium iron phosphate batteries has high chemical stability, and is not prone to dangerous accidents such as thermal runaway, explosions and fires, so it is highly safe.

2. Long life: the cycle life of lithium iron phosphate batteries is usually longer than other lithium-ion batteries, which can be charged and discharged thousands of times, and the loss of capacity after each charge and discharge is small.

3. High-temperature stability: lithium iron phosphate cells have good stability in high temperature environments, and can maintain a low internal resistance and high cycle life.

4. Low self-discharge rate: lithium iron phosphate battery cells have a relatively low self-discharge rate, and can maintain a high energy storage capacity when not in use for a long time.

5. Environmental protection: lithium iron phosphate core materials do not contain rare metals and toxic substances, and can be recycled, reducing environmental pollution.

However, lithium iron phosphate batteries also have some limitations, such as relatively low energy density, slow charging speed. This limits its use in some application scenarios that require high energy density and fast charging.

Application areas

Lithium iron phosphate batteries are widely used in many fields because of their unique advantages. In the new energy automotive industry, lithium iron phosphate batteries are widely used in passenger cars, buses, and logistics vehicles due to their high safety and cost-effectiveness. It also has good application prospects in the energy storage market, power tools, uninterruptible power supply (UPS), electric bicycles and electric motorcycles.